Faleraki : is the popular name given to the St. Nicholas
Baths complex, which was founded in Byzantine times. The Church
of St. Nicholas, which was probably built in 1414, forms part
of this group of buildings. Following their renovation in 1995,
the offices of the Municipal Development Enterprise (ANEDK) were
relocated in the complex, which is also used for events such as
conferences, seminars and exhibitions.
The Kapodistrias Mansion: this stands
on Arseniou Street, and was built during the British Protectorate
by the Kapodistria family. It was designed in 1832 by John Chronis,
architect of the Ionian Parliament, and was the residence of the
Leader of the Ionian Senate during the Protectorate. In 1864 the
Prefecture of Corfu was established there. During the Second World
War it was used as a command post by the Italians and the Germans,
and is now part of the Ionian University..
The Old Port: until recently this was
the departure point for ferries to Igoumenitsa on the mainland,
and traffic used to be heavy. Before the war it was the site of
the market, the 'Markas'. Now only ferries for Paxos and the Diapontian
Islands leave from here. But the historic Mavros Gatos (Black
Cat) cafe still exists, the scene in 1814 of the murder of Foto
Tzavelas by Turkish Albanians, to remind us of the bustling trade
which the Old Port once enjoyed. In the Old Port Square the old
barracks, now the Agricultural Bank,divide the way. A left turn
takes us through the Spilia Gate and back into the Historic Centre,
and right leads into Solomos Square, from where we climb towards
the imposing walls of the New Fortress.
Spilia: this means 'cave', and is the
name given to the area around the old port and to its south, derived
from the cave to be found at the entrance to the New Fortress.
Here, in early Christian times, two stone icons of the Virgin
Mary were found, one of which was placed in the Cathedral and
the other left in situ. It now rests in the Church of the Blessed
Virgin of Spiliotissa, which was built to house it.
Ovriaki: this is the old neighbourhood
between Spilia and the Porta Reale. Here the Jews (Evraioi or
Ovrioi) used to have their shops, and it still retains its old-fashioned
commercial atmosphere.
Nikiforou Theotoki Street: begins at
Spilia and runs as far as the Liston. It is named in memory of
the great scientist and Archbishop of Astrakhan and Stavropol,
Nikiforos Theotoki. Previously it was called 'Calle dell'erbe
o mercanti' and was the main shopping street of the town. Churches,
monuments and premises accommodating philharmonic bands share
space under the arcades with shops and boutiques, all squeezed
together along this historic street.
The Square of the Saint: is the unofficial
name of the Square of the Heroes of the Cypriot Struggle, and
in the summer it is the favourite haunt of street artists from
all over the world. Located here are three of Corfu's most important
churches : the Church of St. Spiridon, the Church of the Blessed
Virgin of Strangers, and the Church of St. John (John the Baptist).
The Old Philharmonic Society: the evocative
atmosphere of the old town intensifies as you pass beneath the
windows of the first Philharmonic Orchestra to be founded in Corfu.
Perhaps, for example, you will hear a trumpet running through
the notes of a piece by Verdi.
San Rocco: is the beginning and the centre
of the new town of Corfu which grew up outside the city walls.
San Rocco Square, reminiscent of Omonia Square in Athens, is surrounded
by modern buildings and from here roads radiate out of town to
all parts of the island.
Mandouki: is the area between Platytera
and the port, and is one of the most historic neighbourhoods in
Corfu. In 1799, the people of Mandouki resisted the French conquerors
and barricaded themselves in the Platytera Monastery. The French
defeated and disbanded them, and plundered and burnt the Monastery.
The Mandouki of today, however, is a pretty suburb, and a stroll
along its inner road will reward you with the sight of charming
old houses, shops and good tavernas. .
Garitsa: from Alexandras Avenue, a handsome,
tree-lined road with neo-Classical buildings, a coastal road runs
alongside Garitsa Bay, in ancient times the Harbour of Alkinoos.
At the Douglas Obelisk, (erected in honour of the British Lord
High Commissioner General Sir Howard Douglas), the suburb of Garitsa
begins, separated from the seafront road by a narrow tree-filled
park, where generations of local children have played. Even the
local tavernas and grillrooms make use of the park, setting out
their tables under the trees, serving charcoal-grilled kebabs
and beer. The narrow streets are lined with small houses and apartment
blocks , and are bordered with roses, bougainvillaea and jasmine.
Come the evening, the local housewives bring a chair out into
the street and pass the time chatting with neighbours. The men
of this area used to work in the nearby Desyllas rope factory,
where the factory whistle would blow at six in the morning to
wake up the workers, along with everyone else in the area.
The Tomb of Menecrates: was discovered
in 1843. It bears inscriptions in the Corinthian alphabet which
inform us that the cenotaph belongs to Menecrates, son of Thlasias
and citizen of Ianthias (modern Galaxidi). Menecrates was a friend
of the Corfiots who lost his life in a shipwreck. In honour of
his services to them, the Corfiots, together with his brother
Praximenis, who visited the island for the purpose, erected this
monument around 600 BC. It is to be found in the forecourt of
the Garitsa Police Station, which stands on the site of the cemetery
of the ancient city. .
Vidos: The islet of Vidos was known in
ancient times as Ptihia and the Island of Hera, as mentioned by
Thucydides, Ptolemy and other writers. It is located exactly opposite
the old port of Corfu Town at a distance of 1200 metres. During
Venetian times it was not fortified, although it was probably
at that time that tu8nnels linking the island with the fortresses
were dug. It was fortified for the first time by the French, to
whom it owes its present name, and subsequently the British transformed
it into a completely invincible fortress which they demolished
on their departure fifty years later. At the same time the church
of St. Stephanos, which had been built by Saint Jason and Saint
Sosipatros, was also demolished. Later, the Serbian Mausoleum
was constructed there in memory of soldiers of the Serbian army
who were decimated by deprivation and plague at the end of the
First World War. On the two hills where the main fortifications
were built, the foundations still stand out quite strongly. The
island was always the Corfiots' favourite spot for recreation,
as it combines the beauty of nature and the sea with proximity
to the town. Since 1985, Vidos has been under the auspices of
the Municipality Development Enterprise (ANEDK). Today there is
a good coffee bar and restaurant, and you will also find two beaches
for swimming and paths for strolling from one end of the island
to the other. A boat service from the Old Port operates on a regular
daily basis.
Lazaretto: As the name indicates, this
was formerly the quarantine island of Corfu, where Venetian galleys
would stop before they were allowed to disembark. During the Second
World War, it was the scene of executions of members of the Corfiot
Resistance group by the Germans, and is now considered to be a
national monument..